• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a viscometer having a hollow cylinder (1) rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis in a base frame (5), in which a, in particular cylindrical, measuring part (8) through which the fluid to be tested is rotatably mounted. According to the invention, an electromagnetic drive with a stator (2) and a rotor (14) for the hollow cylinder (1) is provided, with which the hollow cylinder (1) in the base frame (5) is rotatable, the stator (2) of the drive on the base frame (5) and the rotor (14) of the drive from the hollow cylinder (1) is supported, and that for the electromagnetic coupling of the stator (2) with the rotor (14) between the stator (2) and the rotor (14 ) is driven rotatably about the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder (1) driven by the stator ring traveler (3), so that the base frame (5) and the hollow cylinder (1) are mechanically decoupled with respect to the electromagnetic drive and the predetermined torque by the electromagnetic drive on the hollow cylinder (1) is transferable and at the same time the forces acting axially and radially on the hollow cylinder (1) are minimized.
    公开号:AT516058A4
    申请号:T50635/2014
    申请日:2014-09-12
    公开日:2016-02-15
    发明作者:Wolfgang Dr Belitsch；Bernhard Leopold
    申请人:Anton Paar Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a viscometer according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
    There are measuring systems for measuring liquid properties, in particular the viscosity, the central component of which is filled with the liquid to be measured, rotating around its longitudinal axis hollow cylinder in which a measuring part is rotatably mounted, which upon rotation of the outer measuring part or hollow cylinder on the zu testing fluid medium is co-rotated. This structure corresponds essentially to a viscometer according to the Couette principle, in which from the self-adjusting balance between the rotating at a constant speed, the outer hollow cylinder and the co-moving, inner measuring part on the viscosity of the fluid between the concentric measuring parts, preferably cylinder closed becomes.
    In the following, reference will always be made to a hollow cylinder, although the shape of the inner surface of this outer measuring part does not necessarily have to be cylindrical. The same applies to the outer surface of the inner measuring part. For example, the two measuring parts could each have the shape of two with their circular surfaces adjacent truncated cones. The interior of the outer measuring part and the outer surface of the inner measuring part should be at least axially symmetrical or represent rotational body with respect to the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder.
    Viscometers according to the Couette principle are known with a variety of measuring and evaluation devices. For example, the adjusting angle or caster angle between the rotating outer and the co-rotated inner measuring part can be measured - both measuring parts rotate at the same speed - and from this the viscosity of the liquid can be determined. Another method is the measurement of the torque acting on the inner measuring part, wherein the inner measuring part remains at rest or is held. In general, the determined data are detected by a sensor and transmitted to a control and evaluation unit.
    Another variant of the measurement is possible by applying a braking torque to the inner measuring part or cylinder and from the self-adjusting speed difference of the two cylinders or measuring parts can be concluded that the viscosity of the medium between the cylinders. Such arrangements are used in particular with a horizontal axis of rotation (AT 406425 B8, AT 503994 A1). Further viscometers are known from AT 507220 B1.
    In order to be able to design a hollow cylinder as small as possible for various reasons - sample quantity, cleaning, thermostating, etc. - and to be able to measure it in the closed cell or in the flow, it is advantageous if the hollow cylinder can be filled along its longitudinal or rotational axis is that the sample liquid enters the hollow cylinder on one side and exits on the opposite side. In order to enable air-free refilling of the sample to be measured without intermediate cleaning, it is advantageous if the hollow cylinder is not closed or flowed through during the rotation. This poses a challenge to the seal, bearing and drive of the hollow cylinder. For the sealing and storage of a rotating hollow cylinder, the prior art offers different possibilities. They all have the disadvantage that a complete seal can not be guaranteed in the long term. Therefore, it is an object of the invention to keep the number of rotating elements to be sealed as small as possible.
    The rotation of the hollow cylinder is generally carried out by means of an electric motor, wherein there are various possibilities for the transmission of the rotation of the electric motor to the hollow cylinder. Possible is a concentric drive. The hollow cylinder and the engine have a common axis of rotation. The drive of the hollow cylinder can be done via a shaft. This has the disadvantage that a further sealing element is necessary for the shaft, which leads to a further potential leak point and causes another point with wearing parts.
    Another possibility for a drive is a magnetic coupling. Experience shows that this results in rotational pendulum movements due to the non-constant friction on the bearings of the hollow cylinder, whereby a sufficiently uniform rotation of the hollow cylinder is not possible. In addition, the radial and axial forces are detrimental to storage and accurate measurements.
    Eccentric drives may be implemented in different ways, such as e.g. about gears, belts, etc. Disadvantageous is in addition to the lateral forces, which are very unfavorable for small versions of the system for storage that in case of leakage of the rotating seal of the hollow cylinder, possibly problematic sample liquid penetrates into areas where they represent a danger or cause damage. Such arrangements have the disadvantage that additional seals and / or bearings are necessary.
    From JP 2008020465 A a system is known in which a stepper motor directly drives the measuring cup.
    The aim of the invention is in particular the creation of a viscometer with a drive for a filled with sample liquid hollow cylinder, which drive does not require a complex seal, also allows encapsulation of the hollow cylinder and prevents leaking of the seals leakage of the sample liquid into areas in which the Sample liquid must not reach. At most, a thermostatting of the sample liquid should be easily possible, at least in the rotating area. A thermostatting of the non-rotating area should be possible.
    These objects are achieved with a viscometer of the type mentioned above with the features cited in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. According to the invention it is thus provided that for the electromagnetic coupling of the stator with the rotor between the stator and the rotor driven by a stator ring rotator is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder, so that the base frame and the hollow cylinder with respect to the electromagnetic drive are mechanically decoupled and the predetermined torque can be transmitted by the electromagnetic drive to the hollow cylinder and at the same time the forces acting axially and radially on the hollow cylinder are minimized.
    The drive of the viscometer according to the invention thus comprises an electric motor whose stator is fixedly connected to the non-rotating part of the measuring system or the base frame, whereas the rotor is firmly connected to the rotating hollow cylinder. In this case, all types of stators of electric motors (DC, synchronous, asynchronous, stepper motor) are possible, which are suitable for continuous rotation of a rotor or in the present case for the drive of the ring traveler.
    According to the invention prevents disturbing forces acting on the hollow cylinder, which distort the measurement. Also, the stator is thermally separated from the hollow cylinder and the temperature of the measuring fluid is usually carried out with a tempering block surrounding the rotor.
    The disadvantages of known arrangements, namely at least one additional seal which is necessary in order to make the drive fluid-tight, are avoided.
    Due to the thermal sensitivity of such measurements and the mechanical sensitivity of the measuring system to transverse forces that can be introduced by the drive to the rotor in the system, the use of conventional hollow shaft motors or stepper motors is not possible. According to the invention, however, a mechanical and thermal decoupling is possible.
    The invention thus solves the problem of creating a special drive for a thermally and mechanically decoupled from the base frame hollow cylinder in a viscometer preferably with horizontal orientation of the axis of rotation of the hollow cylinder, as a seated directly on the hollow cylinder hollow shaft motor produces heat during operation and thus the sensitive and highly accurate Temperature control of the system would interfere.
    The main disadvantage of all known embodiments is eliminated, namely the small, but disturbing for further miniaturization forces in the axial and radial directions. In order to minimize these forces on the bearing of the rotor, the eddy current coupling between the rotor of the electromagnetic drive and the rotating hollow cylinder is provided. The ring traveler of the electromagnetic drive expediently carries permanent magnets which drive the eddy current body or annular flange located on the hollow cylinder to be rotated, while the ring traveler itself is rotatably supported by the stator on the stationary part or base frame of the viscometer. Another advantage of this eddy current coupling is that it has a damping effect and thus disturbing speed fluctuations of the electric motor do not adversely affect the speed stability of the hollow cylinder to be rotated. An advantage of rotating magnets over a rotating field generated by coils is that for the necessary magnetic field strength, the coils would have to be large dimensions and would be due to the large, necessary power considerable waste heat. Thus, permanent magnets are preferable to coils.
    In order to protect the stator or the permanent magnets and the bearing of the ring traveler from potentially aggressive sample or cleaning liquids, a membrane or membrane disk or fluid-tight insulating layer between the stator and the rotating system of permanent magnets including bearings on the one hand and the rotating hollow cylinder, the Eddy current carries, on the other hand, be provided.
    According to the invention, a three-part motor is created, which consists of a coil arrangement of a stator which drives a mounted, rotating permanent magnet bearing ring traveler, which in turn implements an eddy current drive of the measuring cup or hollow cylinder.
    Considering known hollow motors with stator plus coils and rotor - for example, with magnets - it comes to the drive to slip-stick effects; There are both axially and radially undesirable forces. Both effects can load the fluid bearings in such a way, for example axially, that the bearings become leaky. Due to the radial load of the bearing of the hollow cylinder, the shaft can even jump out of storage. In the invention, such loads are avoided.
    The drive according to the invention thus enables extensive miniaturization.
    In the following, a viscometer according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, for example.
    Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the important for the measurement section or part of the viscometer. Fig. 2 shows a detail view of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 show views of a ring traveler. Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment. Control and drive units for the electromagnetic drive and detectors and evaluation units for the measurement data are not shown; these units and their connection are known in the art.
    As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the viscometer according to the invention comprises a base frame 5, in which an advantageously cylindrically formed receiving or cavity 25 is formed, from which a hollow cylinder 1 is received. As already mentioned, this hollow cylinder 1 does not necessarily have cylindrical outer shape; the outer surfaces or the generatrices can also run inclined, so that other, in particular to the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder 1 rotationally symmetrical, geometric body can be used.
    The hollow cylinder 1 is mounted fluid-tight in bearings 7 in its two end regions. For this purpose, 1 pipe socket 45 are connected to the end regions or end faces of the hollow cylinder or integrally formed, with which the hollow cylinder 1 is mounted in the bearings 7. These pipe sockets 45 allow the hollow cylinder 1 to flow through with measuring fluid, for example in the direction of the arrow 42.
    In the interior of the hollow cylinder 1 is an advantageously also rotationally symmetrical, in particular cylindrical, shaped measuring part 8. This measuring part 8 could in principle also have the shape of a polygon in cross section. For the measurement of the hollow cylinder 1 is rotated in the interior 25 of the base frame 5. In this case, the measuring part 8 located in the hollow cylinder 1 is co-rotated via the measuring fluid 8 flowing through the hollow cylinder 1. The measuring part 8 floats in the fluid and rotates due to a braking effect due to the interaction of a located in the measuring part 8 permanent magnet 41 with an electrically conductive with the base frame 5 rigidly connected eddy current body 40 and soft iron ring substantially at a lower speed as the hollow cylinder 1. The speed difference between Hollow cylinder 1 and measuring part 8 can be used as a measure of the viscosity of the liquid and evaluated. The measuring part 8 in the interior of the hollow cylinder 1 can be stabilized with respect to its position in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, For example, can-cooperating magnets or a combination of a soft iron ring 40 on the base frame 2 and the magnet 41 may be provided on the measuring part 8. These arrangements define the hollow cylinder 8 above all with regard to its axial position or in the longitudinal direction of the hollow cylinder 1. The rotational speed of the measuring part 8 can be determined, for example, by means of a Hall sensor 47 and the magnet 41.
    For rotational drive of the hollow cylinder 1, at least one coil or at least one winding or at least one electromagnet are arranged in the base frame 5 as a stator 2 of the electromagnetic drive used for the hollow cylinder 8. However, the drive of the hollow cylinder 1 is not directly, but via a bearing on the base frame 5 with a bearing 20 ring rotor 3, which is located in front of the stator 2. The ring traveler 3 is mounted on the base frame 5 or on an axis of rotation carried by the base frame 5 and carries permanent magnets, electromagnets or windings which are connected to the respective permanent magnets, electromagnets or windings on the base frame 5, i. the stator 2, cooperation. The ring rotor 3 rotates driven by the stator 2 about the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder 1 and induced in an annular flange 4 supported by the hollow cylinder 1 eddy currents, which cause a rotation of the annular flange 4 and the hollow cylinder 1.
    The base frame 5 and the stator 2 on the one hand and the hollow cylinder 1 on the other hand are thus mechanically decoupled with respect to the electromagnetic drive. Nevertheless, a predetermined torque can be transmitted to the hollow cylinder 1, but at the same time the acting on the hollow cylinder 1, undesirable axial and radial forces are minimized. The rotor flange 14 forming the annular flange 4 is formed of electrically conductive, but non-magnetic and non-magnetizable material and driven by the ring rotor 3 due to the eddy currents induced by the ring rotor 3 in the annular flange 4. In order to minimize the forces acting on the hollow cylinder 1, it is provided that the stator 2, the ring traveler 3 and the rotor 14 formed as an annular flange 4 are arranged on the base frame 5 in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 1 in succession, next to one another.
    Furthermore, it is expedient if - as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 - the stator 2 and the ring traveler 3 and the bearing 3 bearing ring 20 relative to the hollow cylinder 1 receiving interior 25 of the base frame 5 fluid-tight, in particular with a fluid-tight membrane 31st , are encapsulated. In this way, it is possible for a leakage of test fluid from the hollow cylinder 1 or at a leak of the bearing 7 for the pipe socket 45 of the hollow cylinder 1, a contact of the test fluid with the stator 2, the interior 25 of the base frame 5 and the ring rotor 3 avoid.
    As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the left and the right section 5 'of the base frame 5 are separable from the base frame 5 or the bearing 7 located there can be pulled off the connecting piece or pipe socket 45 of the hollow cylinder 1, so that access to the hollow cylinder 1 or an exchange of the bearing 7 is possible.
    3 and 4 show a front view and a sectional view of an embodiment of the ring traveler 3. On a bearing 20, an annular support 46 is mounted, the permanent magnets 32 carries on both sides, which are arranged with alternating polarity around the circumference of the carrier 46 thereon. Such a ring traveler 3 is rotated by the stator 2 located on the base 5 and in turn rotates the annular flange 14 carried by the hollow cylinder 1.
    FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment in which the ring traveler 3 carried by the bearing 20 lies radially within or in front of the stator (s) 2. The rotor 14 is formed by a hollow cylinder or ring member, which is supported by the hollow cylinder 1 and surrounds it and is arranged radially inside the ring rotor 3.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Viscometer with a in a base frame (5) rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis mounted hollow cylinder (1) in which a, in particular cylindrical, by the fluid to be tested flowed through measuring part (8) is rotatably mounted, characterized in that - an electromagnetic Drive with a stator (2) and a rotor (14) for the hollow cylinder (1) is provided, with which the hollow cylinder (1) in the base frame (5) is rotatable, wherein the stator (2) of the drive on the base frame (5) and the rotor (14) of the drive is supported by the hollow cylinder (1), and - that, for the electromagnetic coupling of the stator (2) to the rotor (14) between the stator (2) and the rotor (14), a stator-driven ring traveler (3) is mounted rotatably about the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder (1), so that the base frame (5) and the hollow cylinder (1) are mechanically decoupled with respect to the electromagnetic drive and the predetermined torque by the electromagnetic hen drive to the hollow cylinder (1) is transferable and at the same time the forces acting axially and radially on the hollow cylinder (1) are minimized.
    [2]
    2. Viscosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow cylinder (5) is rotatably mounted at its opposite end portions with sealing bearings (7) in the base frame (5) rotatable.
    [3]
    3. Viscosimeter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow cylinder (1) is provided in particular in the region of its rotation or longitudinal axis at its two ends in each case with a flow-through opening (24) or with a connection pipe socket (45).
    [4]
    4. Viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that - arranged as stator (2) of the electromagnetic drive at least one electromagnetic coil or winding or at least one electromagnet on the base frame (5), in particular around the hollow cylinder (1) is, and - that the ring traveler (3) permanent magnets or electromagnets or a number of windings, advantageously adjacent permanent magnets or electromagnets or windings on a support ring (46) of the ring rotor (3) are arranged with mutually opposite polarity.
    [5]
    5. A viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that - the ring traveler (3) is mounted on the base frame (5) or on the base frame (5) supported rotary axis, and / or - that on the ring rotor (3) located permanent magnets, electromagnets or windings the coils or windings or electromagnets of the stator (2), seen in the axial or radial direction of the hollow cylinder (1), are arranged opposite one another.
    [6]
    6. Viscosimeter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotor (14), preferably in an end region of the hollow cylinder (1), directly from the hollow cylinder (1) outgoing or supported annular flange (4) or preferably in an end region of the hollow cylinder, from the hollow cylinder (1) outgoing carriers worn annular flange (4).
    [7]
    7. Viscosimeter according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the annular flange (4) radially from the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (1) and optionally without interruption around the hollow cylinder (1) extends around.
    [8]
    8. A viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ring traveler (3) on one of the base frame (5), in particular the hollow cylinder (1) surrounding bearing (20) about the hollow cylinder (1) is rotatable.
    [9]
    9. Viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotor (14) of one with the hollow cylinder (1) connected and surrounding hollow cylinder or ring member (4 ') is formed, wherein the ring rotor (3) radially inside of the stator (2) and radially outside the rotor (14) is arranged or circulates.
    [10]
    10. A viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotor (14) forming the annular flange (4) or ring member (4 ') of electrically conductive, but preferably non-magnetic and non-magnetizable, material, in particular metal and by the ring rotor (3) due to the ring rotor (3) in the annular flange (4) induced eddy currents can be driven.
    [11]
    11. Viscosimeter according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the hollow cylinder (1) carried rotor (14) exclusively by the ring rotor (3) in the annular flange (4) or ring member (4 ') of the rotor (14). induced eddy currents is driven.
    [12]
    12. A viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the stator (2), the ring rotor (3) and the annular flange (4) formed rotor (14) on the base frame (5) in the axial or radial direction of the hollow cylinder (1) are arranged successively or side by side.
    [13]
    13. Viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the stator (2) and the ring rotor (3) and the ring traveler (3) bearing bearing (20) relative to the hollow cylinder (1) receiving the interior (25) the base frame (5) fluid-tight, in particular with a fluid-tight membrane (31), are covered or encapsulated.
    [14]
    14. Viscometer according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder (1) and the axis of rotation of the ring traveler (3) coincide.
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    US20160076986A1|2016-03-17|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2632076A1|1976-07-16|1978-01-26|Werner Dipl Phys Heinz|Rotational viscometer with shield - having magnetic coupling incorporating second shield to protect electrics|
    DE3714708A1|1986-08-08|1988-02-11|Medizin Labortechnik Veb K|Rotation viscometer|
    DE4408816C1|1994-03-16|1995-08-03|Martin Pfeil Trawid Gmbh|Rotation viscosimeter|
    DE29501957U1|1995-02-07|1995-03-23|Burgmann Dichtungswerk Feodor|Viscometer|WO2020124111A1|2018-12-21|2020-06-25|Anton Paar Gmbh|Method for cleaning a viscometer|AT40425B|1906-07-13|1910-01-10|Leopold Bauer|Ribbon loom for the production of ribbons with insert.|
    GB1244408A|1969-03-05|1971-09-02|Rosemount Eng Co Ltd|Improvements in or relating to viscometers|
    US4375047A|1981-07-23|1983-02-22|General Signal Corporation|Torque compensated electrical motor|
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    CN1051614C|1996-07-30|2000-04-19|李钢|Rotary shearing speed decreased viscosity measuring method and device thereof|
    AT406425B8|1997-12-18|2000-07-25|Hans Dr Stabinger|DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE VISCOSITY OF A LIQUID|
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    GB0419152D0|2004-08-27|2004-09-29|Kernow Instr Technology Ltd|A contactless magnetic rotary bearing and a rheometer incorporating such bearing|
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    JP4389059B2|2007-09-14|2009-12-24|独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所|Rotational viscometer using direct drive motor|
    AT507220B1|2009-02-27|2010-03-15|Messtechnik Dr Hans Stabinger|VISKOSIMETER|
    CN102023124B|2010-10-15|2012-05-16|哈尔滨工业大学|Rotational viscometer based on velocity attenuation|US10833555B2|2015-11-27|2020-11-10|Foundation Of Soongsil University Industry Cooperation|Motor for reducing a repulsive force|
    CN106290070B|2016-09-30|2017-11-03|北京金风科创风电设备有限公司|Using the experimental rig of liquid adhesive mixture viscosity real-time measurement apparatus|
    AT518658B1|2017-01-12|2017-12-15|Wolfgang Belitsch Dr|Viscometer for determination of dynamic and kinematic viscosity|
    RU177848U1|2017-10-05|2018-03-14|Акционерное общество "ГМС Нефтемаш"|Flow viscometer|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50635/2014A|AT516058B1|2014-09-12|2014-09-12|viscometer|ATA50635/2014A| AT516058B1|2014-09-12|2014-09-12|viscometer|
    EP15184091.5A| EP2995928B1|2014-09-12|2015-09-07|Viscometer|
    CN201510577870.XA| CN105424556B|2014-09-12|2015-09-11|Viscosimeter|
    US14/852,799| US10036695B2|2014-09-12|2015-09-14|Viscosimeter|
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